北京奧運會(huì )開(kāi)幕前有些人擔心北京空氣質(zhì)量能否達標、組織工作是否有序、交通運輸是否暢通等。然而，隨著(zhù)大幕的拉開(kāi)，先前的擔憂(yōu)似乎都成了杞人憂(yōu)天。在奧運圣火于鳥(niǎo)巢熄滅前的那一刻，國際奧委會(huì )主席羅格先生“這是一屆真正的無(wú)與倫比的奧運會(huì )（These were truly exceptional Games）”的評價(jià)，贏(yíng)得了世人的廣泛認同。
其實(shí)，很多媒體包括西方主流媒體在奧運尚未閉幕前就已經(jīng)紛紛給北京奧運寫(xiě)出了“評語(yǔ)”。8月23日美國《紐約時(shí)報》發(fā)表《中國的崛起不只是金牌》的文章，稱(chēng)“今天，中國體育的崛起讓我們感到眩暈。明天，中國還將在藝術(shù)、商業(yè)、科技和教育方面留下同樣超越我們的足跡。”
8月27日，英國前首相布萊爾在美國華爾街日報撰文指出：（北京奧運會(huì )）標志著(zhù)一個(gè)新的時(shí)代──一個(gè)不會(huì )倒退的開(kāi)放的中國。它還意味著(zhù)，對中國的無(wú)知和恐懼將漸漸消失，而現代化的中國正成為日益明顯的事實(shí)。
從某種意義上看，北京奧運會(huì )的成功，猶如改革開(kāi)放三十而立的“成人禮”，由此，我們國家正式進(jìn)入“后奧運”時(shí)代。站在新的歷史節點(diǎn)上的中國，盤(pán)點(diǎn)奧運留下的豐富遺產(chǎn)，展望和規劃未來(lái)，無(wú)疑意義深遠，它是將奧運增值，更是超越奧運。在眾多的奧運遺產(chǎn)中，我們欣喜地看到“環(huán)保是本屆奧運會(huì )的重要遺產(chǎn)。” （羅格，8月24日）在鄙人看來(lái)，北京奧運之環(huán)境遺產(chǎn)主要有以下四個(gè)方面。
遺產(chǎn)之一：優(yōu)美環(huán)境價(jià)值無(wú)限 近年來(lái)，財富增長(cháng)成為大眾夢(mèng)寐以求的目標和幸福感的主要源泉，寧可犧牲環(huán)境也要先發(fā)展經(jīng)濟就是以上價(jià)值觀(guān)的具體體現。然而，8月北京優(yōu)美的環(huán)境帶給眾人心里和生理上的愉悅感給大家上了一堂生動(dòng)的科學(xué)發(fā)展觀(guān)示范課。據北京環(huán)境監測站統計，8月全月大氣環(huán)境中各主要污染物濃度平均下降45％，奧運會(huì )期間更是下降50％，出現了14個(gè)一級天，為10年來(lái)空氣質(zhì)量歷史最好水平。湛藍的天空中飄蕩的朵朵祥云，讓人們切身體驗到財富之外，優(yōu)美環(huán)境也是我們幸福指數的重要內容；
遺產(chǎn)之二：目標雖然艱巨，努力就能成真 7年前我們對于北京奧運的環(huán)境承諾確實(shí)艱巨，但是在政府、企業(yè)和公眾的共同努力下，通過(guò)采取加強環(huán)境治理設施投資之工程減排、實(shí)施企業(yè)搬遷之結構減排和要求重污染企業(yè)停產(chǎn)、限產(chǎn)和建筑工地奧運期間停止施工之管理減排以及機動(dòng)車(chē)限行等措施，綠色奧運的環(huán)境承諾得以?xún)冬F；
遺產(chǎn)之三：和諧社會(huì )催生責任公民 改革開(kāi)放以來(lái)，從消費者權益到環(huán)境權益，公民權益意識得以建立，維權也逐漸為公民所熟悉；進(jìn)入21世紀，建立責任政府和責任企業(yè)則成為中國社會(huì )走向成熟的新目標。過(guò)去面對環(huán)境污染，公眾大多要求政府履行監管義務(wù)、企業(yè)遵守環(huán)境法律，似乎公民個(gè)人行為與環(huán)境質(zhì)量的改善沒(méi)有什么關(guān)系。然而，北京奧運期間所推行的機動(dòng)車(chē)單雙號限行措施，使機動(dòng)車(chē)車(chē)主在感受某些“不便”的同時(shí)，也體會(huì )到個(gè)人“不便”所帶來(lái)的空氣質(zhì)量改善和交通順暢的“方便”，有了與綠色出行親密接觸的機會(huì )，認識到人與自然和諧關(guān)系的建立每個(gè)公民都有一份責任，都能做出貢獻。從權益到責任，從理論到體驗，綠色奧運成為理想的“實(shí)驗田”，也為政府今后制定環(huán)境保護和城市交通管制的法律法規夯實(shí)了民意基礎。正如羅格先生所言，“因為奧運會(huì )，中國人民普遍提高了環(huán)保意識。”
遺產(chǎn)之四：體驗公共政策制定，培育公益服務(wù)精神 北京奧運的舉辦，使公眾對公共政策的意義和有序參與政治活動(dòng)有了深刻的體驗，正是在媒體、公眾和政府的有序良性互動(dòng)下，北京市及時(shí)發(fā)布奧運限行措施補充規定，每天設置3個(gè)小時(shí)緩沖時(shí)間，0時(shí)至3時(shí)機動(dòng)車(chē)上路不受單雙號限制。我們可以想象，這個(gè)補充規定，將激發(fā)公眾參與公共政策制定的熱情，也使政府看到尊重公眾的知情權、表達權、參與權和監督權的積極意義。
北京奧運漸行漸遠，但是其留給我們的遺產(chǎn)和由此產(chǎn)生的影響將長(cháng)期與我們相伴。隨著(zhù)奧運空氣質(zhì)量保障研究課題的結題，奧運空氣質(zhì)量保障臨時(shí)措施的實(shí)施對北京空氣質(zhì)量升降的影響幅度將益發(fā)清晰，是否以及何時(shí)將一些臨時(shí)措施上升為法律法規形式的長(cháng)效機制成為立法者和廣大公眾案前的重要選項，更成為助推綠色中國誕生的新動(dòng)力。
讓我們共同參與和見(jiàn)證綠色中國的成長(cháng)。
Checking the Environmental Heritage of the Beijing Olympics,
And Promoting the Development of Green China
By Jia Feng
Some people were concerned about the air quality, organizing of the Beijing Olympics and the transportation, etc. in Beijing before the games. However, these concerns were disappeared with the starting of the games. At the right moment of the Birds Net’s flame going out, “These were truly exceptional Games” of Rogge’s comment on the games are shared by all of the people in the world.
In fact, many media including the main stream ones had given their “evaluation” even before the closing. The article “China’s Rising Does not only Mean the Gold Medals” in The New York Times (August 23) says that “Today, the rising of Chinese sports lets us feel dizzy. Tomorrow, it will leave us similar and overwhelming footprints on art, commerce, science and technology as well as education.”
On August 27, the former British Prime Minister Tony Blair points in his article in The Wall Street Journal: Beijing Olympics indicate a new era—a never reversing but open China. It also means that all the ignorance and fearing of China will gradually disappear, a modern China is becoming an obvious fact.
In some way, the success of the games is just like “the thirty age independence adult curtsy”. So China is formally entering into “Chinese Olympics Era”. Standing on the turning point of the history, checking the rich heritage left, it is of very significance by viewing and planning the future, which also add values and surpass to the games. Among many heritages, we are happy to see that “environmental protection is the most important one” ( Rogge August 24). In my opinion, the green heritages include 4 parts as below:
Unlimited Beautiful Environment In recent years, fortune growth has become the aspiration and cause of happiness for the public, which can be reflected in the principle of “economic development first and then environmental protection”. However the August’s good environment in Beijing gave people a vivid demonstration on the scientific concept of development. According to the Beijing Monitoring Station’ statistics, the average concentration of the main pollutants decreased by 45% during the whole August month, even by 50% during the games. The 14 days’ first grade reached the historical high in air quality in Beijing. The clouds in the clean and blue sky let us feel that the good environment is one of the happiness indexes except for the fortune.
Every Effort Can Become True though the Target is Hard 7 years ago, our environmental promise was very difficult indeed, but it has been fulfilled by many pollution reductions measures such as strengthening environmental treatment facilities investment, removing the polluting enterprise and stopping, limiting the heavy pollution enterprises’ production as well as construction spots’ suspending, limiting control on vehicles, etc. under the common efforts of government, businesses and the public.
Responsible Citizens Stemmed from Harmonious Society Since the opening up of China, people’s rights has set up from consuming to environment, besides people are getting familiar with rights safeguarding. In the 21 century, building responsible governments and enterprises has become a new aim for Chinese society going to mature. In the past, the public used to require the governments to carry out their liability on monitoring, and the enterprises to stand to laws when facing pollution, it seems that citizens’ behavior have nothing to do with environmental improvement. But during the games, the limiting control on vehicles let the owners of the cars enjoyed the “convenience” of the good air and transportation smooth though with<
